Aquifers are underground layers that contain water and can drain water. It is through this aquifer that ground water can be taken. The study of water flows in aquifers and the characterization of aquifers is called hydrogeology. Aquifer exists in various depths. Aquifers with very high depths are called depressed aquifers while the shallower aquifers are not depressed and there are still several types of aquifers.
A confined aquifer is a water-saturated aquifer that is bounded by the upper and lower layers, which is aquiklud and the water pressure is greater than the atmospheric pressure. In the boundary layer there is no running water (no flux). Confined aquifer, that is, aquifer located between impermeable layers (aquiklud), generally constitutes deep groundwater (generally> 40 m) and located below free aquifer. Groundwater is groundwater whose quality and quantity is better than shallow groundwater, therefore it is commonly used by industries including mining areas (Iskandarsyah, 2008).
Free aquifers or unconfined aquifers (unconfined aquifers) are groundwater in aquifers covered by impermeable layers, and are aquifers that have groundwater levels. Unconfined Aquifer is a saturated aquifer. The boundary layer is aquitard, only at the bottom and there is no aquitard barrier at the top layer, the boundary at the top layer is the ground water level. Ground water level in wells and free ground water is free water surface, so free ground water surface is the boundary between the saturated zone and ground water zone and the aerated (unsaturated) zone above the saturated zone. Saturated aquifers are also referred to as phriatic aquifers, non artesian aquifers or free aquifers (Wuryantoro, 2007).
Geological structure is very influential on the direction of groundwater movement, type and potential of aquifers. Stratigraphy composed of several layers of rock will affect aquifers, aquifer depth and thickness, and groundwater position. The type and age of rocks also affect electrical conductivity, and can determine groundwater quality. At first the water enters the aquifer through the recharge area which is higher than the discharge area.
The catchment area is usually located in the mountains or mountains and the dump area is located in a coastal area. The water then flows downward due to the influence of gravity through the pores of the aquifer. Water underneath the aquifer is under great pressure by the weight of the water above it, this pressure cannot be lost or moved because the aquifer is isolated by akiklud above and below, that is, the impermeable layer with hydraulic conductivity is so small that it does not allow water to pass through it. If a well is drilled to a confined aquifer, water will radiate upwards against the gravitational force even to the ground level. A well whose water gushed up because of the pressure itself was called an artesian well (Wuryantoro, 2007).
A confined aquifer is a water-saturated aquifer that is bounded by the upper and lower layers, which is aquiklud and the water pressure is greater than the atmospheric pressure. In the boundary layer there is no running water (no flux). Confined aquifer, that is, aquifer located between impermeable layers (aquiklud), generally constitutes deep groundwater (generally> 40 m) and located below free aquifer. Groundwater is groundwater whose quality and quantity is better than shallow groundwater, therefore it is commonly used by industries including mining areas (Iskandarsyah, 2008).
Free aquifers or unconfined aquifers (unconfined aquifers) are groundwater in aquifers covered by impermeable layers, and are aquifers that have groundwater levels. Unconfined Aquifer is a saturated aquifer. The boundary layer is aquitard, only at the bottom and there is no aquitard barrier at the top layer, the boundary at the top layer is the ground water level. Ground water level in wells and free ground water is free water surface, so free ground water surface is the boundary between the saturated zone and ground water zone and the aerated (unsaturated) zone above the saturated zone. Saturated aquifers are also referred to as phriatic aquifers, non artesian aquifers or free aquifers (Wuryantoro, 2007).
Geological structure is very influential on the direction of groundwater movement, type and potential of aquifers. Stratigraphy composed of several layers of rock will affect aquifers, aquifer depth and thickness, and groundwater position. The type and age of rocks also affect electrical conductivity, and can determine groundwater quality. At first the water enters the aquifer through the recharge area which is higher than the discharge area.
The catchment area is usually located in the mountains or mountains and the dump area is located in a coastal area. The water then flows downward due to the influence of gravity through the pores of the aquifer. Water underneath the aquifer is under great pressure by the weight of the water above it, this pressure cannot be lost or moved because the aquifer is isolated by akiklud above and below, that is, the impermeable layer with hydraulic conductivity is so small that it does not allow water to pass through it. If a well is drilled to a confined aquifer, water will radiate upwards against the gravitational force even to the ground level. A well whose water gushed up because of the pressure itself was called an artesian well (Wuryantoro, 2007).
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